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Donald Kalsched – From Bewitchment to Enchantment: Transformational Process in the Psychoanalysis of TraumaWORKSHOP: Patients who have suffered severe early trauma often find themselves bewitched by dark tyrannical voices assaulting them from within, leading to intense anxiety and depression. In dream work with such patients, the dark inner voices reveal themselves as both archaic and typical–hence archetypal–personifications whose inner purpose seems to be the defense of a vulnerable core of selfhood to make sure it is never violated again. However, in defending the true self against further trauma, the archetypal defenses also persecute and demoralize it, cutting off all hope for life-in-relationship to others. Under these conditions, the positive side of the Self cannot constellate and the individuation process cannot get started. In successful depth psychotherapy, these archetypal defenses slowly lose their power as their daimonic energy slowly becomes humanized in the transference and is transmuted into a mature capacity for love and creative living (enchantment). Donald E. Kalsched, Ph.D . is a clinical psychologist and Jungian analyst with a private practice in Katonah, N.Y. He is a faculty member and supervisor at the C.G. Jung Institute in New York City and with the Inter-Regional Society of Jungian Analysts. Currently he is Dean of Jungian Studies specialty at the Westchester Institute for Training in Psychoanalysis and Psychotherapy in Bedford Hills, N.Y. The link to his site is[url] http://www.donaldkalsched.com[/url]He is the author of The Inner World of Trauma: Archetypal Defenses of the Personal Spirit Here is the link to his book: